The basic stages of design

Depending on the purpose and type of the facility, the design stages of the construction may differ, but in the absolute majority of cases a certain order of work is maintained, consisting of the following stages.

Collection of necessary authorisation documents

The earliest stage is the collection and preparation of the source and permission documents for the site and the construction site. The documents are provided by local authorities, organizations responsible for the maintenance of engineering systems and other entities. The list of necessary documents depends on the specificity of the project object.

Engineering Research

During the work, the natural and technological conditions of the construction site are studied. As a result of the research, decisions are made to deepen the foundations, trace the engineering systems, locate the objects, protect the structure or the building from adverse factors, etc. At this stage, the following types of research are carried out:

  • engineering and geodesy
  • engineering and geological studies;
  • engineering and hydrometeorological
  • engineering and environmental;
  • engineering and hydrographic.
  • archaeological.

The composition of the research, the detail, the volume and the methods of execution are developed on the basis of the technical assignment of the developer.

Development of Project Documents

At this stage, documents are developed that reflect the structure of the project, its aims and objectives. They include calculations, formulas and schedules, and overcoming the difficulties that may arise in implementing the project. The design stages of the construction vary according to the characteristics and functional purpose of the specific facilities:

  • Production (industrial, defence and security buildings);
  • Non-production (houses, communal and socio-cultural buildings, other non-productive buildings and structures);
  • Lines (power lines, roads, both road and rail, pipelines, etc.)

Working Documents

The solutions described in the previous stage are described in detail. Most of the work involves:

  • Blueprints;
  • Profiles of engineering networks;
  • Specifications of the materials, equipment and articles used;
  • Local outlay.

Working documentation is what will be used directly at the site.

The main stages of the design are listed, but in each case other tasks may be required - feasibility study, 3D visualization, risk calculation, etc.