Construction begins with geodetic works, the implementation of which depends on the contractor. But it can be carried out by independent experts. How these works are carried out, why they are needed and what can lead to errors in geodetic calculations, will be described in this material.
Control of the Contractor's Geodetic Works Before the Start of Construction
Geodetic survey before construction is carried out in order to place the object in strict accordance with the requirements of the plan and regulatory documentation.
The reason is simple - that the structure served long and did not demand constant repair, it should not give distortions. If an error was made in the geodetic works and construction began in the wrong place, it will be almost impossible to avoid non-vertical walls, non-horizontal overlap and, as a consequence, uneven distribution of stress and skew.
It is important to note that in the event of a skew at one stage of construction, it can no longer be leveled. Therefore, geodetic surveying must be carried out not only before construction, but also in the process.
Surveyors pay special attention to the inspection of monolithic structures. You can work with them only "without the right to make a mistake." After all, the distortion of the monolithic structure is very difficult to correct and economically unprofitable. Or, if the defect occurred during the laying of the slab foundation, and the walls have already begun to raise, it is impossible to fix.
In order to prevent irreparable defects, before installing monolithic structures, it is necessary to check the results of measurements of the mounting horizon under them, taking into account the thickness of the mortar bed. All data obtained must be entered in the journal of geodetic control. Therefore, geodetic control ensures the strength and durability of the future structure.
Geodetic works during construction are of several types. Each of which requires certain knowledge and skills. We will tell the main ones.
Topographic survey, in fact, is the basis of geodetic research. And it is done in order to compile a topographic plan of the area. Then on the received plan place buildings, constructions, and communications which the customer plans to erect.
In order for the customer to be able to obtain documents entitling to land, surveyors carry out land management work. They mark the boundaries of the size of the land for the proposed development (surveying).
Without these works and obtaining the necessary package of documents to begin any construction work in our country is prohibited.
Then, when the documents are ready and the construction permit is obtained, it's time to carry out geodetic work. They consist in transferring data from the paper topographic plan already to the earth. In the form of fixing on it the position of the main points and planes in full accordance with the drawings and the specified coordinates. Here it is very important to check everything again and avoid mistakes. Because the accuracy of these works largely depends on the quality and timing of construction, and associated costs.
Supervision of geodesy Construction contractor
When construction has already begun, surveyors are conducting executive surveying on it. It checks the elements of the accuracy of the location, which affects the strength of the entire construction object. These works are no less important than those that precede them.
In parallel with the executive survey, geodetic observations of possible deformation can be carried out. These works, as well as those which precede them, can be carried out either by the customer or the experts involved by it.
Thus control the construction process from the geodetic side. This includes a number of regular measurements. In order to identify possible deformations or causes that contribute to their occurrence. Constant monitoring, which allows to prevent their occurrence.
As mentioned above, quality control of geodetic works can be carried out both by the customer and the organization involved. We can safely assume that not every customer has at its disposal (staff) its own surveyors. Therefore, many of them seek help from outside experts. In many cases, this is much cheaper than keeping such staff and purchasing a set of surveying equipment.
Obligations of the Contractor Performing Geodetic Works
Surveyors from the company that controls the construction, usually "roam" from object to object, they have seen many different situations, therefore, have considerable experience that allows you to quickly identify and prevent the occurrence of a defect. It should also be borne in mind that the contractual relationship governing cooperation with the customer requires the professionals to provide timely and accurate reports describing the state of affairs, the construction site, and the accuracy and quality of their inspections depends not only on the further life cycle of a other object of construction, but also the reputation of the company they represent.